Tumor growth factor alpha (TGF-α) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. TGF-α function is mediated through binding the EGF receptor (EGFR) to activate receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.  TGF-α functions as a mitogen to activate epithelial cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation.  In the gastric mucosa, TGF-α production inhibits gastric acid secretion and therefore plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the stomach syndrome Ménétrier’s disease.  TGF-α is also produced in adult macrophages, brain cells, keratinocytes, and is widely expressed in cancer cells. 

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